Search

How data is moved through different layers of TCP/IP model at sending and receiving computers

When moved down from Application layer through each layer of TCP/IP model at sending computer, layer protocols add some form of information as header. Datalink layer adds a trailer also. Finally, the data is placed as a stream of bits over network cable wire.

When the data is received at receiving computer, as stream of bit from wire, each layer removes the header information and use it for passing over to next high layer or to reassemble the data. Finally, the data sent from the sending computer is passed up to the Application layer at the receiving computer.

The packing and unpacking of data at different layers of TCP/IP model is called as Encapsulation and Decapsulation.

Following image shows how data from Application layer is moved down through different layers of TCP/IP model at sending computer and moved up through different layers of TCP/IP model to reach Application layer at receiving computer.

data-moved-through-five-layers-of-tcpip-model.jpg

To get more wider view about different layers of TCP/IP protocol stack and how they operate together, please visit and learn below lessons in order.

Related Tutorials
Introduction to TCP/IP, Features of TCP/IP, TCP/IP History, What is RFC (Request for Comments)
What is PDU (Protocol Data Unit)
How data is moved through different layers of OSI model at sending and receiving computers
Names of data packets at different layers of OSI model
Why OSI model failed
Four Layers of original TCP/IP model, Functions of four layers of TCP/IP model
Five layered TCP/IP model
Comparison between four layered TCP/IP model and five layered TCP/IP model
Protocols/Standards at various layers of TCP/IP model
Comparison between TCP/IP and OSI models
How data is moved through different layers of TCP/IP model at sending and receiving computers
TCP/IP Encapsulation and Decapsulation
Physical Layer (Layer 1)
Datalink Layer (Layer 2)
Ethernet Frame Format
What is MAC address or Layer 2 address or physical address
Network Layer (Layer 3)
IPv4 Protocol, IPv4 header and fields of IPv4 header
IPv4 addresses, IPv4 Address Classes, IPv4 Address Classifications
Transport Layer (Layer 4)
Application Layer (Layer 5)